Seed increase of 26 mutant lines of common red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), in the month of November, San Luis Talpa, La Paz, El Salvador

Abstract

With  the  aim  of  increasing  the  seed  of  26  mutant  lines  of  red  common  bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), two 90 m2 plots were established in the “La Bomba” lot of the Experimental and Practice Station (EEP) of the Faculty of  Agricultural  Sciences,  University  of  El  Salvador  in  San  Luis  Talpa,  La  Paz, from November 2020 to February 2021. The sowing design of each line  was  in  furrows  5  meters  long  and  a  distance  between  furrows  of  0.40  m  and  between  plants  of  0.05  m,  which  represents  a  density  of  500,000 plants. ha-1. All seeds of the lines were treated with Nano gro®, before sowing, except for the control. For the proper development of the different  lines,  good  management  practices  were  carried  out,  including  weed control, irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease control. Descriptive statistical   methods,   Pearson   correlation   analysis,   cluster   analysis,   Principal  Component  Analysis  (PCA)  and  Analysis  of  Variance  (ANOVA)  were  applied  under  a  Randomized  Complete  Block  Design  (DBCA).  The  variables that were significant in the ANOVA were subjected to the Tukey multiple  comparison  statistical  test  of  means.  The  entire  analysis  was  carried  out  with  a  statistical  significance  level  (alpha)  α  of  5%  (0.05)  and  through  the  use  of  Microsoft  Excel  spreadsheets  and  the  statistical  program SPSS® 25 and Infostat® 2020. In conclusion, there is increased genetic material from the 26 mutant lines of red common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), planted in a non-traditional season under climatic conditions with average minimum temperatures of 22.3 ° C and average maximum temperatures of 33 ° C at 50 meters above sea level. Of the 26 common red bean mutant lines studied, lines M09ST16 and M09ST14 had the best yield and 14 lines reported yields greater than 25 qq ha-1, exceeding the national  average  grain  production  of  12  to  17  qq.  ha-1  and  the  average  seed yield of 37 qq.ha-1.