Effect of salicylic acid on the yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Var. CENT Drought

Abstract

With the purpose of evaluating the effect of salicylic acid on the yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Var. CENTA Drought, an experiment was established in the greenhouse of the Plant Protection Department of the University of El Salvador. The investigation lasted 6 months from May 2022 to October 2022. To evaluate the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on beans, five treatments with twenty repetitions each were established. The treatments applied were the following: T0 consisted of treating the crop with water, T1 consisted of applying salicylic acid (SA) at 25 ppm, T2 at 50 ppm, T3 at 75 ppm and T4 at 100 ppm. The applications of salicylic acid (AS) were carried out in the following stages: Stage V3 (Appearance of the first trifoliate leaf), stage R5 (Pre-flowering), stage V7 (Formation of pods), the variables evaluated in this investigation were: yield per treatment, number of pods per treatment, number of flowers per treatment, number of grains per treatment, weight of 25 grains per treatment, root collar diameter, partial plant moisture per treatment, days to crop flowering, days to maturity physiological. The application of salicylic acid showed a positive effect on the variables evaluated. T2 (50 ppm) showed an increase in yield per treatment with 24.69% more than the control with a total of 10.1 g, the weight of the 25 grains per treatment increased 21.05% more than the control, with a total of 4.60 g, likewise the diameter of the root neck increased by 0.76% with respect to the control, registering an average of 2.63 mm. The T1 (25 ppm) showed the best effects on the variablenumber of flowers per treatment, with an average of 7.26 flowers per plant, with which an increase of 7.26% was obtained withrespect to the control, as well as in the partial humidity variable.By treatment, salicylic acid showed positive results when T1 (25ppm) was applied, since it increased the aerial dry weight of thebean plants. The number of pods per treatment and number ofgrains per treatment increased in the control. However, grainweight was higher compared to when T2 (50 ppm) was applied.In addition, through the partial budget analysis, it was determined that T2 (50 ppm) produced a greater net benefit, which indicatesthat by applying salicylic acid at a concentration of 50 ppm, thenet benefit increased slightly when projected for one hectare ofland.