Morfoagronomic characterization of 15 sorgo accessions (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.) with low lignine content

Abstract

This research was carried out at the CENTA, San Andrés No.1, Ciudad Arce, La Libertad, El Salvador, during the months of december 2011 to march 2012, with the objective of characterizing 15 sorghum accessions bmr, with low percentage of lignin; using morphoagronomic descriptors to define their identity; eight of which are quantitative and 17 qualitative, suggested by the ICRISAT. Two rows were planted by accession of five linear meters, at a distance of 0.80 m between furrow and 0.15 m between plants. The statistical methodology consisted in the use of the multivariate method. The analysis determined that the 15 accessions are grouped into three main components that explain 78.02% of the total variability; where the first is formed by accessions CI0938, CI0936, CI0916, CI0910, which stand out for having a greater number of stems, shorter inflorescence length and grain weight; when related to qualitative descriptors, they stand out for having good crossbreeding vigor, color of clear glumes, partially waxy plants, semi-elliptical compact inflorescence and sweet juiciness. To the second group, the accessions CI 0970, CI 0919, CI 0973, CI 0925, CI 0914, CI 0972 and CI 0968 correspond, showing similarity in greater length and exceeding of the inflorescence, intermediate grain weight, lower plant height, inflorescence width, less days to bloom and number of grains per panicle. In addition, it is characterized by a medium cross vigor, elliptical compact inflorescence, partial or total serosity plants, not succulent and generally tasteless. Accessions CI 0932, CI 0943, CI 0947, CI 0929 belong to the third group, which presented the highest values in plant height, inflorescence width, days to flowering, grain weight and number of grains per panicle; This group was characterized by presenting good cross vigor, compact semi-elliptical inflorescence; partially serous plants with juiciness and intermediate flavor. Therefore, it is concluded that the 15 accessions of sorghum showed diversity in behavior, according to quantitative and qualitative descriptors As a relevant finding, four accessions with potential for grain production were found (CI 0932, CI 0943, CI 0947 and CI 0929), which correspond to component two and the other accessions for forage production (components one and three).