Efecto del clima en el ciclo biológico del zancudo (Aedes aegypti L.), en cuatro zonas geográficas de El Salvador

Abstract

The research was carried out in the municipalities of Nueva Trinidad, San Martín, Sonzacate and San Salvador, El Salvador, in the period of january to april of the year 2015.For this, a study was carried out to evaluate the biological cycle of the mosquito Aedes aegypti L., in natural conditions and to relate it to the climatic elements (maximum temperature, minimum, precipitation, relative humidity, solar radiation), to determine the influence of The same in the biological cycle. We used data from the Ministry of Health, 28 epidemiological weeks of the incidence of Dengue disease and entomological indices (breteau, house, rate), in order to relate them to the aforementioned climatic elements. Resulting in an average of 16.4 days of the biological cycle, requiring an average thermal constant of 264.1 degrees day to complete the development. The field phase was carried out between january and april of the year 2015, taking daily the data of maximum temperature, minimum, average, relative humidity, precipitation and solar radiation.To complete its biological cycle A. aegypti needs an average thermal constant of 264.1 degrees day. A decrease in temperature, lengthens the biological cycle of A. aegypti, especially in the stages of egg-larva, larva-pupa. Precipitation increases the number of A. aegypti larvae. The maximum temperature is inversely proportional to the incidence of Dengue disease. The entomological indexes (breteau, house, rate and deposit), present a high relation with the climatic elements (maximum temperature, minimum, precipitation, solar radiation and relative humidity), as these elements are modified the entomological indexes change existing a relation proportional between them