Influencia de la aplicación de bocashi y lombriabono en el rendimiento de calabacín (Cucurbita pepo L.), espinaca (Spinacia oleracea L.), lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) y remolacha (Beta vulgaris L.), bajo el método de cultivo biointensivo, San Ignacio, Chal

Abstract

The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences carried out this research in the plot of Don Agustín Díaz, in the village of plowed, Canton Las Pilas, San Ignacio, Chalatenango, with the support of Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE), in the period January to June 2011. The objective of the research, was conducted to evaluate the effect of bocashi complementary and lombriabono on crop yield zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), Which manipulated them with the method of cultivation Biointensive method, which is a form of organic farming on a small scale, whose purpose is to develop a comprehensive agriculture and in harmony with nature, in which the principles were applied: Double-digging of the ground, use of compost, planting near and association of crops, which are seeking to develop soil conditions favorable for the growth and development of plants, recycling of nutrients, space utilization of planting and crop diversification, to contribute to the food security of small producers in rural areas. The state of health and fertility of the soil was observed through chromatography and this showed a good biological activity of the soil, represented by the presence of nitrogen, nutrient availability and enzyme activity, which was provided by the application of compost, compost + bocashi and compost + lombriabono to a lesser extent by the compost that is in a process of transformation of organic matter, but improved the density of the soil. In the results obtained, it should be noted that the T2 (compost+ bocashi) produced the highest yields (p ≤ 0.01 %) by weight of beet bulb, plant lettuce, amount of fruit of zucchini and weight of foliage in spinach. The previous treatment was followed by the T3 (compost + lombriabono) for the above-mentioned indicators, however, this treatment produced the greatest weight of fruit in zucchini but was not statistically significant. In the relationship benefit- cost (B-C) to a cultivated hectare biointensively, treatment with compost would be a total cost (TC) of $17.619.81 and total income (IT) of $34.296.20, resulting in a relation of B-C $1.95 ; in the treatment of compost + bocashi a CT of $18.374.81 and IT of $38.417.25 the relation of B-C would be $2.09 ; and in the treatment of compost + lombriabono with a CT of $20.837.81 and IT of $35.652.15, would be a relation of B-C of $1.71 .