Uso inadecuado de las tierras y su incidencia en el desarrollo socioeconómico en el departamento de Cabañas, El Salvador

Abstract

The research was conducted in the period August 2010 to November 2011, in the department of Cabañas, is characterized in having a population living mostly in rural areas and are engaged in agriculture, 80% of classes lands belong to the class VI to VIII, which creates a conflict between their use and usability. The study was formulated under the assumption that underutilized land with agricultural potential impact on the socioeconomic development of the people who are or live in the vicinity of that land. The purpose was to analyze the impact of land misuse and its impact on socioeconomic development. The methodology of the study was to update the coverage map and land use by 2010, with support from ASTER images. Furthermore, the digitized map of usability of the area. Based on the coverage and use units grouped according to their affinity and capacity map of land use were developed arrays of conflict in which the lands were categorized into appropriate use, underuse and overuse, with these results was performed the overlay of the maps to determine the map of conflicts of land use at 1:50,000 scale. Certain underutilized areas are concentrated in eight of the nine municipalities in the department: Cinquera Tejutepeque, Ilobasco, Guacotecti, Sensuntepeque, Dolores City, Jutiapa, San Isidro, a socioeconomic survey was conducted through a survey, on issues concerning the group family, housing characteristics, health, education, food, agricultural level, monthly income, land tenure. The survey population were farmers or families. The statistical method used was a non-probability sampling. The results were compared with average indicators from studies conducted by governmental and nongovernmental institutions. The results were the coverage map and land use 2010 for the department of Cabañas, which identified two new units compared to the Corin Land Cover 2002 in the observed increase in the coverage area of basic grains and mainly agricultural land and forests decreased, another result is a map of conflict in the department in which the predominant overused land and proper use; underutilized land areas were found in a small percentage (1.58%) showed no influence socioeconomic development of the entire department, but within and around them.