Diet pattern and risk of Type 2 Diabetes in indigenous adults
Systematic Review
Keywords:
dietary pattern, adults, type 2 diabetes diabetes mellitus, systematic review, indigenous populationAbstract
Type 2 diabetes has become a serious public health problem, the eating pattern takes on an important role for the appearance of overweight and obesity, risk factors for developing diabetes, a phenomenon little explored in indigenous adults. Objective: To review the available scientific evidence on eating patterns and the risk of type 2 diabetes in indigenous adults. Methodology: Systematic review, the search was conducted from March to August 2023, in the databases EBSCO, SciELO, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. A search strategy was designed with the MeSH and DeCS; risk, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, dietary pattern, indigenous and adult, critical reading used the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Results: We included 13 studies that addressed the variables of interest in indigenous population aged 18 to 85 years, published in English (n = 12), the sample ranged from 103 to 89,185 participants. Overall, it was revealed that indigenous individuals with a Western dietary pattern, characterized by a high consumption of red and processed meats, alcoholic beverages, refined cereals and sugary drinks, were at higher risk of developing TD2. Conclusions: The evidence is consistent, there is an association between the dietary pattern: consumption of ultra-processed foods, high in carbohydrates, fats and salt with the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes in indigenous adults, multidisciplinary health interventions aimed at improving the diet based on healthy traditional diet of indigenous groups are required.
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