ENFRENTANDO EL COVID-19
Estudio comparativo sobre el comportamiento social de las personas de origen dominicano que viven en los Estados Unidos de América
Palabras clave:
Pandemia, COVID-19, Estrés, Redes sociales, Medios de comunicación, Stress, Virus SARS-CoV-2Resumen
Este estudio se deriva de una encuesta basada en una muestra probabilística de 794 personas y representativa de mayores de 18 años, de origen dominicano, residentes en los siete estados donde habita aproximadamente el 85 % de los dominicanos que viven en EE. UU.: Nueva York, Nueva Jersey, Florida, Massachusetts, Pensilvania, Rhode Island y Connecticut. Los resultados estadísticos revelados en este artículo versan sobre tres aspectos sobre las personas de origen dominicano que residen en los EE. UU. durante la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 virus o COVID-19: a) la incidencia del virus y la propensión a cumplir con las normas establecidas por las autoridades de salubridad; b) el estrés sufrido ante el temor, el confinamiento y el control social; y c) la evidencia de un cambio generacional expresado en el uso de medios de comunicación y redes sociales para recibir información sobre el virus y el estado nacional de salubridad. Este estudio es el primero en su género en desagregar a las personas de origen dominicano en los EE. UU. y analizar cómo se han visto afectadas por la pandemia del COVID-19. La población objeto de estudio fue entrevistada entre el 5 de octubre y el 11 de noviembre de 2021
Descargas
Referencias
Aldridge, R. W., Lewer, D., Katikireddi, S. V., Mathur, R., Pathak, N., Burns, R., Fragaszy, E. B., Johnson, A. M., Devakumar, D., Abubakar, I., & Hayward, A. (2020). Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Groups in England Are at Increased Risk of Death from COVID-19: Indirect Standardisation of NHS Mortality Data. Wellcome Open Research, 5, 88. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15922.2.
COVID Collaborative. (2020). Coronavirus Vaccine Hesitancy in Black and Latinx Communities. https://www.covidcollaborative.us/content/vaccinetreatments/ coronavirus-vaccine-hesitancy-in-black-and-latinx-communities
Feldman, J. M., & Bassett, M. T. (2021). Variation in COVID-19 Mortality in the US by Race and Ethnicity and Educational Attainment. JAMA Network Open, 4(11), e2135967. https://doi.org/10.1001/ jamanetworkopen.2021.35967
Ford, T., Reber, S., & Reeves, R. (2020). Race Gaps in COVID-19 Deaths Are Even Bigger than They Appear. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/06/16/ race-gaps-in-covid-19-deaths-are-even-bigger-than-they-appear/.
Garg, S., Kim, L., Whitaker, M., O’Halloran, A., Cummings, C., Holstein, R., Prill, M., Chai, S. J., Kirley, P. D., Alden, N.B., Kawasaki, B., Yousey-Hindes, K., Niccolai, L., Anderson, E. J., Openo, K. P., Weigel, A., Monroe, M. L., Ryan, P., Henderson, J., … Fry, A. (2020). Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019: COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1–30, 2020. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., 69(15), 458-464. doi:10.15585/mmwr. mm6915e3PubMedGoogle ScholarCrossref
Hamel, Liz, Lopes, L., Sparks, G., Kirzinger, A., Kearney, A., Stokes, M., & Brodie, M. (2021). KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor: September 2021. KFF. https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/ kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-september-2021/.
Holtgrave, D. R., Barranco, M. A., Tesoriero, J. M., Blog, D. S., & Rosenberg, E. S. (2020). Assessing Racial and Ethnic Disparities Using a COVID-19 Outcomes Continuum for New York State. Annals of Epidemiology, 48, 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.06.010.
Jones, J., Sullivan, P. S., Sanchez, T. H., Guest, J. L., Hall, E. W., Luisi, N., Zlotorzynska, M., Wilde, G., Bradley, H., & Siegler, A. J. (2020). Similarities and Differences in COVID-19 Awareness, Concern, and Symptoms by Race and Ethnicity in the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e20001. https://doi.org/10.2196/20001.
Lardieri, A. Hispanics and Blacks Are Hardest Hit by COVID-19 in New York City. Published April 8, 2020. Accessed April 8, 2020. https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2020-04-08/coronavirus-disproportionally-kills-hispanics-and-blacks-in-new-york-city.
Malik, A. A., McFadden, S. M., Elharake, J., & Omer, S. B. (2020). Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in the US. EClinicalMedicine, 26, 100495.
Peter G. Szilagyi, Kyla Thomas, Megha D. Shah, Nathalie Vizueta, Yan Cui, Sitaram Vangala & Arie Kapteyn (2021) Likelihood of COVID-19 Vaccination by Subgroups Across the US: Post-Election Trends and Disparities, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17:10, 3262-3267, DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1929695
Tregoning, J. S., Flight, K. E., Higham, S. L., Wang, Z., & Pierce, B. F. (2021). Progress of the COVID-19 Vaccine Effort: Viruses, Vaccines and Variants Versus Efficacy, Effectiveness and Escape. Nat Rev Immunol 21, 626–636. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-021-00592-.
Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., & Willer, R. (et. al, 2020). Using Social and Behavioural Science to Support COVID-19 Pandemic Response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(5), 460-471.
Wong, M. D., Shapiro M. F., Boscardin W. J., Ettner, S. L. Contribution of Major Diseases to Disparities in Mortality. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347(20):1585-1592. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa012979.
Díaz Pérez, M. (2021). Invenciones sobre COVID-19 registradas en Estados Unidos. Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud, 32(1).
Solórzaono Vélez, M. M. S., & Díaz, R. T. (2021). Impacto de la pandemia COVID 19 en la salud mental del personal que labora en el centro de salud Chone tipo C. RECIMUNDO, 5(2), 387-397.
Carpio Rodríguez, S. C., & Sanmartín Zumba, B. L. (2020). Efectos psicológicos asociados a la pandemia Covid-19 en el personal de salud y administrativo del Hospital Monte Sinaí de la ciudad de Cuenca (Bachelor's thesis, Universidad del Azuay).
Bello Castillo, I. E., Peterson Elías, P. M., Martínez Camilo, A. L., & Sánchez-Vincitore, L. V. (2021). Estrategias de afrontamiento: efectos en el bienestar psicológico de universitarios durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Ciencia y sociedad.
Cinelli, M., Quattrociocchi, W., Galeazzi, A., Valensise, C. M., Brugnoli, E., Schmidt, A. L., & Scala, A. (2020). The COVID-19 social media infodemic. Scientific reports, 10(1), 1-10.
Toro González, S., & Pérez Curiel, C. (2021). Populismo político en tiempos de COVID. Análisis de la estrategia de comunicación de Donald Trump y Boris Johnson en Twitter. Revista de Comunicación de la SEECI, 54, 1-24.
COVID-19, K. (11 de Jun de 2021). KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor: Profile Of Unvaccinated. Obtenido de https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-profile-of-the-unvaccinated/.
Thebault, R., Ba Tran, A, & Williams, V. (2020, April 7). The Coronavirus Is Infecting and Killing Black Americans at an Alarmingly High Rate. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/ nation/2020/04/07/coronavirus-is-infectingkilling-black-americans-an-alarmingly-high-rate-post-analysisshows/?arc404=true.
Gupta, S. (2020, April 10). Why African Americans may be especially vulnerable to COVID-19. ScienceNews. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/ coronavirus-why-african-americans-vulnerable-covid-19-health-race
Maqbool, A. (2020, April 11). Coronavirus: Why Has the Virus Hit African Americans so Hard? BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52245690.
Chinni, D. (2020, April 12). Coronavirus Risk for African Americans Tied to More than Race. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/meet-the-press/ coronavirus-risk-african-americans-tied-more-race-n1182146
Singh, M., & Koran, M. (2020, April 18). The Virus Doesn't Discriminate but Governments Do': Latinos Disproportionately Hit by Coronavirus. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/ apr/18/the-virus-doesnt-discriminate-butgovernments-do-latinos-disproportionately-hit-by-coronavirus.
Wan, W. (2020, November 23). Coronavirus Vaccines Face Trust Gap in Black and Latino Communities, Study Finds. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/11/23/ covid-vaccine-hesitancy/.
Otras referencias
Abbasi, J. (2021). Omicron Has Reached the US —Here’s What Infectious Disease Experts Know About the Variant. JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22619.
Alsan, M., Stantcheva, S., Yang, D., Cutler, D. (2020). Disparities in Coronavirus 2019 Reported Incidence, Knowledge, and Behavior Among US Adults. JAMA Network Open, 3(6), e2012403. doi:10.1001/ jamanetworkopen.2020.12403
Creech, C.B., Walker, S.C., & Samuels, R.J. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. JAMA, 325(13),1318– 1320. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3199.
Despres, C. (2021) Update: Coronavirus Cases Rates and Death Rates for Latinos in the United States. Salud America. https://salud-america.org/ coronavirus-case-rates-and-death-rates-for-latinos-in-the-united-states/.
Gemelas, J., Davison, J., & Ing, S. (2021). Inequities in Employment by Race, Ethnicity, and Sector During COVID-19. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 1-6.
Kahn, B., Brown, L., Foege, W., & Gayle, H. (2.). (2020). Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine. National Academies Press
Kantamneni, N. (2020). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Marginalized Populations in the United States: A Research Agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, 103439.
Kim, S. J., & Bostwick, W. (2020). Social Vulnerability and Racial Inequality in COVID-19 Deaths in Chicago. Health Education & Behavior, 47(4), 509-513.
Leon, B. (2021, October 5). U.S. News. Medical Mistrust Fuels Vaccine Hesitancy Among Hispanics. https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-10-05/ medical-mistrust-fuels-vaccine-hesitancy-among-hispanics
Lo, C. H., Nguyen, L. H., Drew, D. A., Warner, E. T., Joshi, A. D., Graham, M. S., ... & COPE Consortium et. al. (2021). Race, Ethnicity, Community-Level Socioeconomic Factors, and Risk of COVID-19 in the United States and the United Kingdom. EClinicalMedicine, 38, 101029
NYU Furman Center. (2020). COVID-19 Cases in New York City, a Neighborhood-Level Analysis. The Stoop. https://furmancenter.org/thestoop/entry/ covid-19-cases-in-new-york-city-aneighborhood-level-analysis
Preidt, R. (2021, October 5). Many Latinos Are Hesitant to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine. NPR. https:// www.npr.org/2021/02/01/962905232/many-latinos-are-hesitant-to-get-a-covid-19-vaccine.
Purtle, J. (2020). COVID-19 and Mental Health Equity in the United States. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55(8), 969-971.
Sheils M, Haque, A. T., Haozous, E. A., Albert, P. S., Almeida, J. S., García-Closas, M., Nápoles, A. M., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Freedman, N. D., & Berrington de González, A. (2021). Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Excess Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic, March to December 2020. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7326/M21-2134.
Tai, D. B. G., Shah, A., Doubeni, C. A., Sia, I. G., & Wieland, M. L. (2021). The Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 on Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 72(4), 703-706.
White, A., Liburd, L. C., & Coronado, F. (2021). Peer Reviewed: Addressing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Among School-Aged Children: Are We Doing Enough? Preventing chronic disease, 18.
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Los autores continúan como propietarios de sus trabajos, cediendo de manera no exclusiva los derechos de difusión a la Revista Conjeturas Sociológicas bajo los estándares de la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución No Comercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY NC 4.0).