Benefits of Intravenous Dexamethasone prior to Low Transverse Cesarean Sections with Bupivacaine. Sonsonate 2023

Abstract

This study was carried out by students of the Anesthesiology and Inhalotherapy career, which shows the evaluation of the intravenous administration of dexamethasone (synthetic glucocorticoid) prior to spinal anesthesia with heavy Bupivacaine; the objective was to evaluate the different effects of the drug in patients. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. Method: the population collected during October 2023 consisted of 50 obstetric patients with indication for cesarean section between 18 and 35 years of age at the National Hospital "Dr. Jorge Mazzini Villacorta" of Sonsonate. The anesthetic complications were compared (nausea/vomiting, agitation, blood pressure, heart rate, dizziness, segmental block and respiratory depression); the visual analog scale of pain and the Bromage scale to patients operated under spinal anesthesia with heavy Bupivacaine, converted into two groups of patients, 25 subjected to intravenous administration of dexamethasone prior to spinal anesthesia and another group 25, without Dexamethasone. Both groups of patients were ASA II pregnant (no subsequent pathology). The results of the visual analog pain scale showed (with the x2 Fisher statistical index for p= 0.05) significant differences between women who received Dexamethasone and those who did not. With a score of 1 (pain does not affect the patient's general condition and does not make it impossible to carry out usual activities), 14 patients reported no pain, together with no pain in the area of the surgical incision. It is important to consider this data when thinking about the quality of anesthetic management in patients for cesarean section. It is concluded that the patients who were administered intravenous dexamethasone prior to spinal anesthesia had greater control of gag reflexes and vomiting; in the recovery room the patients presented fewer postoperative complications and a significant decrease in pain.