From Geopolitics to Geoeconomics: the dispute for global hegemony

Abstract

In the future of the World Order, Geopolitics has been the analytical tool of the States and the great decision makers to undertake those actions that allow obtaining greater territorial extension and imposing political conditions in areas of influence. However, the great wars shaped a new international order characterized by renewed international law and interdependence in the international economic system. The end of the Cold War accelerated the process of Economic Globalization, the opening of international trade, technological progress and the influence of other international actors in the system. The foregoing caused a new balance of forces and the rise of emerging powers, where economic means have become more relevant in the search for global hegemony. This scenario has highlighted an innovative discipline that facilitates the understanding of the structure of institutional and economic power: Geoeconomics. In this sense, both disciplines (Geoeconomics and Geopolitics), allow us to analyze the tensions between the US and China, - especially in the Asia Pacific - the influence of subsidiary actors and the threat of geoeconomics and military confrontations.